Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito "pulasitiki" kufotokoza malingaliro onyenga, mwina chifukwa timaganiza kuti ndi zotsika mtengo, zosavuta kudya komanso zimabweretsa kuipitsa.Koma mwina simukudziwa kuti pali mtundu wa pulasitiki wokhala ndi mulingo wobwezeretsanso wopitilira 90% ku China.Mapulasitiki okonzedwanso ndi okonzedwanso akupitiriza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera osiyanasiyana.
Dikirani, chifukwa pulasitiki?
Pulasitiki "yabodza" ndi chinthu chopangira chitukuko cha mafakitale.Ndizotsika mtengo komanso zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino.
Malinga ndi lipoti la 2019, mtengo wamtengo wapatali pa tani imodzi ya mabotolo a zakumwa opangidwa ndi No. wa mphamvu zofanana.
Kodi kukonzanso kwa pulasitiki kumatheka bwanji?
Mu 2019, China idakonzanso matani 18.9 miliyoni apulasitiki, ndi mtengo wobwezeretsanso wopitilira 100 biliyoni.Ngati onse apangidwa kukhala mabotolo amadzi amchere, amatha kukhala ndi malita 945 biliyoni amadzi.Ngati munthu aliyense amamwa malita a 2 patsiku, zingakhale zokwanira kuti anthu a ku Shanghai amwe kwa zaka 50.
Kuti timvetsetse mtundu wa pulasitiki, tiyenera kuyamba ndi kupanga kwake.
Pulasitiki imachokera ku mphamvu ya zinthu zakale monga mafuta ndi gasi.Timachotsa ma hydrocarbons monga mpweya wamafuta amafuta ndi naphtha, komanso chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, "kuphwanya" maunyolo awo aatali a cell kukhala mamolekyu amfupi, omwe ndi ethylene, propylene, butylene, ndi zina zambiri.
Amatchedwanso "monomers".Mwa polymerizing angapo ethylene monomers ofanana mu polyethylene, timapeza mtsuko mkaka;pochotsa gawo la haidrojeni ndi klorini, timapeza utomoni wa PVC, womwe ndi wowonda kwambiri ndipo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mapaipi amadzi ndi gasi.
Pulasitiki yokhala ndi nthambi yotereyi imafewetsa ikatenthedwa ndipo imatha kupangidwanso.
Moyenera, mabotolo akumwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amatha kufewetsa ndikusinthidwa kukhala mabotolo atsopano a zakumwa.Koma zoona zake si zophweka.
Mapulasitiki amadetsedwa mosavuta pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kusonkhanitsa.Komanso, mapulasitiki osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi malo osungunuka osiyanasiyana, ndipo kusakaniza mwachisawawa kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa khalidwe.
Chomwe chimathetsa mavutowa ndiukadaulo wamakono wosankha komanso kuyeretsa.
Pambuyo posonkhanitsa mapulasitiki a zinyalala m'dziko lathu, kusweka ndi kutsukidwa, amayenera kusanjidwa.Tengani kusanja kwa kuwala monga chitsanzo.Zowunikira ndi masensa akamasiyanitsa mapulasitiki amitundu yosiyanasiyana, amatumiza chizindikiro kuti awatulutse ndi kuwachotsa.
Mukasanja, pulasitikiyo imatha kulowa munjira yoyeretsera kwambiri ndikudutsa muchipinda chopanda kanthu kapena chipinda chochitiramo chodzaza ndi mpweya wa inert.Pa kutentha kozungulira 220 ° C, zonyansa za pulasitiki zimatha kufalikira pamwamba pa pulasitiki ndikupukuta.
Kubwezeretsanso pulasitiki kumatha kuchitika kale mwaukhondo komanso motetezeka.
Makamaka, mabotolo apulasitiki a PET, omwe ndi osavuta kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyeretsa, akhala amodzi mwa mitundu ya pulasitiki yokhala ndi chiwongolero chapamwamba kwambiri chobwezeretsanso.
Kuphatikiza pa kubwezeredwa kotsekeka, PET yobwezeretsanso itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mabokosi oyika dzira ndi zipatso, komanso zofunikira zatsiku ndi tsiku monga malamba, zovala, mabokosi osungira, ndi zolembera.
Pakati pawo, zolembera za botolo za B2P zochokera ku BEGREEN zikuphatikizidwa.B2P imatanthawuza botolo ku cholembera.Maonekedwe a botolo lamadzi amchere amawonetsa "chiyambi" chake: pulasitiki ya PET yobwezeretsanso imatha kukhala ndi phindu pamalo oyenera.
Monga zolembera za botolo la PET, zinthu za BEGREEN zonse zimapangidwa kuchokera ku pulasitiki yobwezerezedwanso.Cholembera chaching'ono chobiriwira ichi cha BX-GR5 chimapangidwa ndi 100% zobwezerezedwanso zamapulasitiki.Thupi la cholembera limapangidwa ndi utomoni wa PC wobwezerezedwanso ndipo cholemberacho chimapangidwa ndi utomoni wa PP.
Chigawo chamkati chosinthika chimakulitsanso moyo wautumiki wa pulasitiki ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa zinyalala za pulasitiki.
Cholembera chake chimakhala ndi ma grooves atatu othandizira mpira wa cholembera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ocheperako komanso kulemba bwino ndi mpira wolembera.
Monga katswiri wopanga zolembera, Baile samangobweretsa zolemba zabwinoko zokha, komanso amalola pulasitiki yonyansa kuti itumikire olemba m'njira yoyera komanso yotetezeka.
Makampani opanga mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso akukumanabe ndi zovuta chifukwa cha njira zovuta zopangira: mtengo wake wopangira ndi wokwera kuposa mapulasitiki a namwali, ndipo nthawi yopanga ndi yayitali.Zogulitsa za Baile B2P nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda pake pazifukwa izi.
Komabe, kupanga pulasitiki yobwezerezedwanso kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi komanso mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kuposa pulasitiki wa namwali.
Tanthauzo la kugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki okonzedwanso ku chilengedwe cha dziko lapansi ndi loposa momwe ndalama zingayesere.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-12-2023