Malinga ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku dipatimenti yoteteza zachilengedwe m'boma la Hong Kong SAR mu 2022, matani 227 apulasitiki ndi styrofoam tableware amatayidwa ku Hong Kong tsiku lililonse, komwe ndi kuchuluka kwa matani opitilira 82,000 chaka chilichonse. Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la chilengedwe chifukwa cha zinthu zapulasitiki zotayidwa, boma la SAR lidalengeza kuti malamulo okhudzana ndi kuwongolera zida zapulasitiki zotayidwa ndi zinthu zina zapulasitiki zidzakhazikitsidwa kuyambira pa Epulo 22, 2024, kuwonetsa chiyambi cha mutu watsopano ku Hong. Ntchito zoteteza zachilengedwe za Kong. Komabe, njira yopita kuzinthu zina zokhazikika sikophweka, ndipo zinthu zowonongeka, ngakhale zikulonjeza, zimakumana ndi zovuta. M'nkhaniyi, tiyenera kufufuza njira iliyonse, kupewa "msampha wobiriwira", ndikulimbikitsa njira zothetsera chilengedwe.
Pa Epulo 22, 2024, Hong Kong idayambitsa gawo loyamba la kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo okhudzana ndi kuwongolera zida zapulasitiki zotayidwa ndi zinthu zina zapulasitiki. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndizoletsedwa kugulitsa ndikupereka mitundu 9 ya zida zapulasitiki zotayidwa zomwe ndi zazing'ono kukula kwake komanso zovuta kuzibwezeretsanso (zophimba zowonjezera za polystyrene tableware, udzu, zotsitsimutsa, makapu apulasitiki ndi zotengera zakudya, ndi zina), komanso thonje swabs. , zovundikira maambulera, mahotela, ndi zina zotero. Zinthu wamba monga zimbudzi zotayidwa. Cholinga cha kayendetsedwe kabwino kameneka ndikuthana ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zapulasitiki zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi, komanso kulimbikitsa anthu ndi mabizinesi kuti asinthe njira zina zowononga zachilengedwe komanso zokhazikika.
Zithunzi za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Hong Kong zimamveka ngati chenjezo loteteza chilengedwe. Kodi timafunadi kukhala m’malo oterowo? N’chifukwa chiyani dziko lapansili lilipo? Komabe, chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa mapulasitiki obwezeretsanso ku Hong Kong ndikotsika kwambiri! Malinga ndi data ya 2021, 5.7% yokha ya mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso ku Hong Kong ndi omwe adasinthidwanso bwino. Nambala yochititsa manthayi ikufuna kuti tichitepo kanthu mwamsanga kuti tithane ndi vuto la zinyalala za pulasitiki ndikulimbikitsa mwakhama kusintha kwa anthu kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zowononga zachilengedwe komanso zokhazikika.
Ndiye njira zina zokhazikika ndi ziti?
Ngakhale mafakitale osiyanasiyana akuyang'ana mwachangu zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka monga polylactic acid (PLA) kapena bagasse (fibrous material yotengedwa ku mapesi a nzimbe) ngati kuwala kwa chiyembekezo kuthetsa vuto la kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki, vuto ndilofunika kutsimikizira ngati njira zina kwenikweni ndi okonda zachilengedwe. Ndizowona kuti zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndi biodegradable zidzawonongeka ndikuwonongeka mwachangu, motero zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kosatha kwa chilengedwe ndi zinyalala zapulasitiki. Komabe, zomwe sitiyenera kunyalanyaza ndikuti kuchuluka kwa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha womwe umatulutsidwa panthawi yakuwonongeka kwa zinthu izi (monga polylactic acid kapena mapepala) m'malo otayirako ku Hong Kong ndi okwera kwambiri kuposa mapulasitiki achikhalidwe.
Mu 2020, Life Cycle Initiative idamaliza kusanthula meta. Kuwunikaku kumapereka chidule cha malipoti owunika momwe moyo umayendera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zopakira, ndipo mapeto ake ndi okhumudwitsa: mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi bio (biodegradable plastics) opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe monga chinangwa ndi chimanga ali ndi vuto loyipa pa chilengedwe. kukula sikuli bwino kuposa mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi zinthu zakale monga momwe timayembekezera
Mabokosi a chakudya chamasana opangidwa ndi polystyrene, polylactic acid (chimanga), polylactic acid (tapioca wowuma)
Mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi bio siabwino kwenikweni kuposa mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi zinthu zakale. Chifukwa chiyani?
Chifukwa chimodzi chofunikira ndi chakuti gawo laulimi ndi lokwera mtengo: kupanga mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi bio (biodegradable plastics) kumafuna malo akuluakulu, madzi ochuluka, ndi zopangira mankhwala monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza, zomwe mosakayikira Zimatulutsa mpweya ku nthaka, madzi ndi mpweya. .
Gawo lopanga zinthu komanso kulemera kwa mankhwalawo ndi zinthu zomwe sizinganyalanyazidwe. Tengani mabokosi a nkhomaliro opangidwa ndi bagasse monga chitsanzo. Popeza kuti bagasse palokha ndi yopanda ntchito, zotsatira zake pa chilengedwe panthawi yaulimi ndizochepa. Komabe, njira yotsatizana ya bleaching ya bagasse zamkati ndi kutulutsa kwamadzi otayira komwe kumapangidwa pambuyo potsuka zamkati kwakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa m'malo ambiri monga nyengo, thanzi la anthu komanso kuopsa kwachilengedwe. Komano, ngakhale kuti zopangira zopangira zopangira ndi kupanga mabokosi a thovu a polystyrene (mabokosi a thovu a PS) amaphatikizansopo njira zambiri zamakina ndi zakuthupi, popeza bagasse imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu, mwachilengedwe imafuna zida zambiri, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti mpweya uzikhala wokwera kwambiri m'moyo wonse. Choncho, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ngakhale njira zopangira ndi kuyesa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, n'zovuta kunena kuti ndi "chisankho chabwino kwambiri" chotani pakugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kokha.
Ndiye kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kubwerera ku pulasitiki?
Yankho n’lakuti ayi. Kutengera zomwe zapezedwa pano, ziyeneranso kuwonekeratu kuti njira zina zopangira pulasitiki zitha kubweranso pakuwononga chilengedwe. Ngati njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito kamodzi sizikupereka njira zokhazikika zomwe tikuyembekezera, tiyenera kuonanso kufunikira kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ndikufufuza zomwe tingathe kuchepetsa kapena kuzipewa. Njira zambiri zoyendetsera boma la SAR, monga kukhazikitsa nthawi yokonzekera, kulimbikitsa maphunziro a anthu ndi kulengeza, ndikukhazikitsa nsanja yazidziwitso kugawana njira zina zopangira pulasitiki zogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi, zonse zikuwonetsa chinthu chofunikira chomwe sichinganyalanyazidwe chomwe chimakhudza "pulasitiki" ya Hong Kong. -free” ndondomeko, zomwe zili ngati nzika za Hong Kong zikulolera Landirani njira izi, monga kupereka kubweretsa botolo lanu lamadzi ndi ziwiya. Kusintha koteroko ndikofunikira kwambiri polimbikitsa moyo wokonda zachilengedwe.
Kwa iwo omwe amaiwala (kapena sakufuna) kubweretsa zotengera zawo, kuyang'ana njira yobwereketsa ndi kubweza zotengera zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kwakhala njira yatsopano komanso yotheka. Kupyolera mu dongosololi, makasitomala amatha kubwereka mosavuta zotengera zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndikuzibweza kumalo osankhidwa akatha kugwiritsa ntchito. Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zotayidwa, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zotengerazi, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyeretsera bwino, ndikuwongolera mosalekeza kapangidwe ka njira yobwereketsa ndi kubweza kumatha kukhala kothandiza pamlingo wobwerera wapakati (80%, ~ 5 cycles) Kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ( 12-22%), kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu (34-48%), ndikupulumutsa madzi okwanira ndi 16% mpaka 40%. Mwanjira iyi, chikho cha BYO ndi ngongole zobwereketsa zobwereketsa ndi njira zobwezera zitha kukhala njira yokhazikika pakutengera ndi kutumiza.
Kuletsa kwa Hong Kong kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki kamodzi mosakayikira ndi gawo lofunikira pothana ndi vuto la kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Ngakhale kuti n’zosatheka kuchotseratu zinthu zapulasitiki m’miyoyo yathu, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti kungolimbikitsa njira zina zotayirapo si njira yofunikira ndipo kungayambitsenso mavuto atsopano a chilengedwe; m'malo mwake, tiyenera kuthandiza dziko lapansi kuchotsa ukapolo wa "pulasitiki" Chinsinsi ndikudziwitsa anthu: aliyense amvetsetse komwe angapeweretu kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki ndi kuyika, komanso nthawi yosankha zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, pomwe akuyesetsa kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kuti zilimbikitse moyo wobiriwira, wokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-14-2024